A is incorrect as internal auditors are not required to be members of any professional body. C is incorrect as external auditors report to shareholders rather than those charged with governance. D is incorrect as internal auditors can be independent of the company, if, for example, the internal audit function has been outsourced.
Which of the following disclosures are required by IAS 8 Accounting policies, changes in accounting estimates and errors in these financial statements? 1 The reasons for the change. 2 The amount of the consequent adjustment in the current period and in comparative information for prior periods. 3 An estimate of the effect of the change on future periods, where possible.
level? 1 Understatement of closing inventories. 2 The incorrect inclusion in purchases of invoices relating to goods supplied in the following period. 3 The inclusion in sales of the proceeds of sale of non-current assets. 4 Increased cost of carriage charges borne by the company on goods sent to customers.
1 Unrealised revaluation gains. 2 Dividends paid. 3 Proceeds of equity share issue. 4 Profit for the period.
(1) The money measurement concept requires all assets and liabilities to be accounted for at historical cost. (2) The substance over form. convention means that the economic substance of a transaction should be reflected in the financial statements, not necessarily its legal form. (3) The realisation concept means that profits or gains cannot normally be recognised in the income statement until realised. (4) The application of the prudence concept means that assets must be understated and liabilities must be overstated in preparing financial statements.