【名词&注释】
硝苯地平(nifedipine)、尼莫地平(nimodipine)、卡托普利(captopril)、严重影响(seriously affect)、基础代谢(basal metabolism)、高尿酸(high lithemia)、躁狂症状、水杨酸类药物(salicylic acid drugs)、覆盖面积(coverage area)、不透明(opaque)
[{"id":891425,"title":"维生素K不能用于治疗的病征是","subject_id":299,"sub_title":"","answer":"凝血因子Ⅱ、Ⅶ、Ⅸ、Ⅹ缺乏所致的出血\r\n早产儿和新生儿出血\r\n阻塞性黄疸引起的出血\r\n水杨酸类药物过量所致的出血\r\n低凝血酶原所致出血#","explain":"此题是应用判断题，考查学生对维生素K药理作用和临床应用的了解。维生素K临床用途为治疗凝血因子（Ⅱ、Ⅶ、Ⅸ、Ⅹ）缺乏、早产儿和新生儿、阻塞性黄疸及水杨酸类药物过量等原因所致的出血，上述因素均与维生素K缺乏有关；但对低凝血酶原所致的出血是没有疗效的。","type":1},{"id":885148,"title":"经过羟化作用，可以生成酪氨酸的氨基酸是","subject_id":299,"sub_title":"","answer":"亮氨酸\r\n苯丙氨酸#\r\n蛋氨酸\r\n甘氨酸\r\n精氨酸","explain":"","type":1,"status":1},{"id":894935,"title":"颞下颌关节骨关节病的临床表现不包括","subject_id":299,"sub_title":"","answer":"开口中度受限\r\n开口型偏斜\r\n摩擦音\r\n关节区咬合痛\r\n耳前区肿胀#","explain":"","type":1,"status":1},{"id":884579,"title":"下列下颌侧切牙与上颌侧切牙的区别中哪点是错误的","subject_id":299,"sub_title":"","answer":"下颌侧切牙唇面较平\r\n下颌侧切牙边缘嵴较明显#\r\n上颌侧切牙唇面较圆\r\n下颌侧切牙为扁根\r\n邻面观：上颌侧切牙的切嵴在牙体长轴的唇侧","explain":"","type":1,"status":1},{"id":893459,"title":"某患者，牙体缺损，欲做冠桩修复，以下关于冠桩的说法哪项是不正确的","subject_id":299,"sub_title":"","answer":"在保证牙胶封闭作用的前提下尽量长\r\n为根长的4\/5#\r\n越密合固位越好\r\n桩长至少等于冠长\r\n根尖部保留至少3mm根充物","explain":"对基桩的要求：长度大于等于修复牙冠长，根管内长度大于牙根在牙槽骨内的1\/2，根尖封闭（桩底距根尖孔）4mm；直径为牙根直径1\/3～1\/2；适应牙根及根管的形态，密合性好 。故此题选择B。","type":1,"status":1},{"id":888089,"title":"关于慢性龈炎时牙龈的炎症表现是","subject_id":299,"sub_title":"","answer":"牙龈粉红色\r\n牙龈质地坚韧\r\n探诊易出血#\r\n附着丧失\r\n牙齿松动","explain":"慢性龈炎时牙龈的炎症表现是牙龈颜色鲜红或暗红，质地松软、水肿、施压时易引起压痕，龈缘水肿圆钝，探诊后出血、刷牙时出血，所以C选项正确，而A、B选项都错误。附着丧失、牙齿松动是牙周炎的表现，而不是慢性龈炎的表现，所以D、E选项都错误。","type":1,"status":1},{"id":885436,"title":"伴有潜在性糖尿病的高血压患者，不宜选用","subject_id":299,"sub_title":"","answer":"哌唑嗪\r\n卡托普利\r\n氢氯噻嗪#\r\n硝苯地平\r\n尼莫地平","explain":"噻嗪类药物主要的不良反应包括电解质紊乱，引起低血钾、低血镁、低氯碱血症等。还可引起高尿酸血症。代谢性变化可致高血糖、高血脂症，可能是其抑制了胰岛素的分泌以及减少组织利用葡萄糖因而有潜在性糖尿病的高血压患者不宜选用。","type":1,"status":1},{"id":884503,"title":"疱疹样口炎的特征是","subject_id":299,"sub_title":"","answer":"多发溃疡可达几十个，直径1～2mm，亦可融合成片，多见于口底、舌腹黏膜#\r\n多为单个大溃疡，直径超过1cm，多发于颊，软腭等处\r\n一般1～5个溃疡，直径2～4mm，多发生于唇颊黏膜\r\n溃疡单发，病程长，呈潜掘状\r\n数目多少，直径大小变化很大，可见明显的局部刺激因素","explain":"","type":1,"status":1},{"id":886685,"title":"Dean氟牙症分类重度","subject_id":299,"sub_title":"","answer":"釉质上的白色程度较明显，呈纸白色\r\n釉质上的白色程度浅，有时呈云雾状\r\n釉质表面大部分受累而变色，常有细小的凹坑状缺损，多见于唇颊面\r\n釉质上的白色不透明区范围更加扩大，但覆盖面积不超过牙面的50%\r\n釉质表面全部受损，凹坑状缺损明显，牙冠失去正常外形且脆性增加，对美观和功能都有严重影响#","explain":"","type":1,"status":1},{"id":892715,"title":"用氯丙嗪疗效好的疾病是","subject_id":299,"sub_title":"","answer":"躁狂症\r\n精神分裂症#\r\n妄想症\r\n精神紧张症\r\n抑郁症","explain":"氯丙嗪为中枢多巴胺受体的阻断剂，可迅速控制精神分裂病症患者的躁狂症状，减少或消除幻觉、妄想，使思维活动及行为趋于正常 。对抑郁无效 。故本题选B 。大剂量氯丙嗪可直接抑制呕吐中枢产生强大的镇吐作用，抑制体温调节中枢，配合物理降温，使体温降低，基础代谢降低，器官功能活动减少，耗氧量减低而呈"人工冬眠"状态 。故本题选择B。","type":1,"status":1}]
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