【名词&注释】
多样性(diversity)、有丝分裂(mitosis)、生物群落(biocoenosis)、铁路沿线(along the railway line)、产生影响(have effect)、薄壁组织(parenchyma)、厚角组织(collenchyma)、厚壁组织(sclerenchyma)、亚热带林(subtropical forest)、沼泽地改造(swampland reformation)
[单选题]在方形(如蚕豆)或多棱形(如芹菜)的茎中，棱角部分表皮下常分布有( )。
A. 厚壁组织(sclerenchyma)
B. 厚角组织(collenchyma)
C. 薄壁组织
D. 石细胞
查看答案&解析
举一反三：
[单选题]人类活动对生物多样性产生影响。以下措施中，有利于保护生物多样性的是（ ）。
A. 大量引进外来物种，使当地生物群落中的物种更多样化
B. 禁止游人进入自然保护区的核心地区，让生物自然繁衍
C. 把沼泽地改造(swampland reformation)成农田，种植多种农作物，增加经济收入
D. 在亚热带林(subtropical forest)区大面积种植速生桉树，以增加林木生长量
[单选题]有丝分裂中DNA复制在G1期进行。( )
A. 正确
B. 错误
[多选题]在铁路沿线设置草方格沙障，其主要生态功能是
A. 截留水分
改变气候类型
削弱风力
改变植被类型
[单选题]CPlants can’t communicate by moving or making sounds, as most animals do. Instead, plants produce volatile compounds, chemicals that easily change from a liquid to a gas. A flower’s sweet smell, for example, comes from volatile compounds that the plant produces to attract insects such as bugs and bees.
A. Plants can also detect volatile compounds produced by other plants. A tree under attack by hungry insects, for instance, may give off volatile compounds that let other trees know about the attack, In response, the other trees may send off chemicals to keep the bugs away- or even chemicals that attract the bugs’ natural enemies.
B. Now scientists have created a quick way to understand what plants are saying: a chemical sensor(传感器) called an electronic nose. The “e-nose” can tell compounds that crop plants make when they’re attacked. Scientists say the e-nose could help quickly detest whether plants are being eaten by insects. But today the only way to detect such insects is to visually inspect individual plants. This is a challenging task for managers of greenhouses, enclosed gardens that can house thousands of plants.
C. The research team worked with an e-nose that recognizes volatile compounds. Inside the device, 13 sensors chemically react with volatile compounds. Based on these interactions, the e-nose gives off electronic signals that the scientists analyze using computer software.
D. To test the nose, the team presented it with healthy leaves from cucumber, pepper and tomato plants, all common greenhouse crops. Then the scientists collected samples of air around damaged leaves from each type of crop. These plants had been damaged by insects, or by scientists who made holes in the leaves with a hole punch (打孔器).
E. The e-nose, it turns out, could identify healthy cucumber, pepper and tomato plants based on the volatile compounds they produce. It could also identify tomato leaves that had been damaged. But even more impressive, the device could tell which type of damage – by insects or with a hole punch – had been done to the tomato leaves.
F. With some fine tuning, a device like the e-nose could one day be used in greenhouses to quickly spot harmful bugs, the researchers say. A device like this could also be used to identify fruits that are perfectly ripe and ready to pick and eat, says Natalia Dudareve, a biochemist at Purdue University in West Lafayette, Ind. who studies smells of flowers and plants. Hopefully, scientists believe, the device could bring large benefits to greenhouse managers in the near future.
G. 49. We learn from the text that plants communicate with each other by______.
H. making some sounds B． waving their leaves
I. producing some chemicals D． sending out electronic signals
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